Computer
Security is the process of detecting and preventing any unauthorized use of
your laptop/computer. It involves the process of safeguarding against
trespassers from using your personal or office based computer resources with
malicious intent or for their own gains, or even for gaining any access to them
accidentally.
In this tutorial, we will treat the
concept of computer security which can be a laptop, a workstation, a server or
even a network device. This is an introductory tutorial that covers the basics
of Computer Security and how to deal with its various components and
sub-components.
In this tutorial, we will treat the concept of
Computer Security which can be a laptop, a workstation, a server or a network
device. This tutorial is done mainly for people that are within the IT industry
who are IT specialists, System administrators, Security administrators.
Why Security?
Cyberspace (internet, work environment,
intranet) is becoming a dangerous place for all organizations and individuals
to protect their sensitive data or reputation. This is because of the numerous
people and machines accessing it. It is important to mention that the recent
studies have shown a big danger is coming from internal threats or from
disappointed employees like the Edward Snowden case, another internal threat is
that information material can be easy accessible over the intranet.
One important indicator is the IT skills of a
person that wants to hack or to breach your security has decreased but the
success rate of it has increased, this is because of three main factors −
·
Hacking tools that can
be found very easily by everyone just by googling and they are endless.
·
Technology with the
end-users has increased rapidly within these years, like internet bandwidth and
computer processing speeds.
·
Access to hacking information
manuals.
All this can make even a school boy with the
curiosity, a potential hacker for your organization.
Since locking down all networks is not an
available option, the only response the security managers can give is to harden
their networks, applications and operating systems to a reasonable level of
safety, and conducting a business disaster recovery plan.
The following graph gives us a basic idea.
What to Secure?
Let’s see this case, you are an IT administrator
in a small company having two small servers staying in a corner and you are
very good at your job. You are doing updates regularly, setting up firewalls,
antiviruses, etc. One day, you see that the organization employees are not
accessing the systems anymore. When you go and check, you see the cleaning lady
doing her job and by mistake, she had removed the power cable and unplugged the
server.
What I mean by this case is that even physical
security is important in computer security, as most of us think it is the last
thing to take care of.
Now let’s go directly to the point of what all
to secure in a computer environment −
·
First of all, is to
check the physical security by setting control systems like motion alarms, door
accessing systems, humidity sensors, temperature sensors. All these components
decrease the possibility of a computer to be stolen or damaged by humans and environment
itself.
·
People having access to
computer systems should have their own user id with password protection.
·
Monitors should be
screen saver protected to hide the information from being displayed when the
user is away or inactive.
·
Secure your network
especially wireless, passwords should be used.
·
Internet equipment as
routers to be protected with password.
·
Data that you use to
store information which can be financial, or non-financial by encryption.
·
Information should be
protected in all types of its representation in transmission by encrypting it.
Benefits of Computer
Security Awareness
Do you know in all this digital world, what is
the biggest hole or the weakest point of the security?
Answer. It is us, humans.
Most of the security breaches come from
uninformed and untrained persons which give information to a third party or
publish data in Internet without knowing the consequences.
See the following scenario which tells us what
employees might end up doing without computer security awareness −
So the benefits of computer security awareness
are obvious as it directly minimizes the potential of you being hacked off your
identity, your computer, your organization.
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